mutiny on the bounty

[1] It was three-masted, 91 feet (28 m) long overall and 25 feet (7.6 m) across at its widest point, and registered at 230 tons burthen. For other uses, see, 1789 mutiny aboard the British Royal Navy ship HMS Bounty, The latter part of this voyage was without Cook, who was, An early example of Bligh's esteem for Christian was indicated at. [94], Bligh was brought to the quarterdeck, his hands bound by a cord held by Christian, who was brandishing a bayonet;[97] some reports maintained that Christian had a sounding plummet hanging from his neck so that he could jump overboard and drown himself if the mutiny failed. [83] Christian's party was harassed and threatened continually but were unable to retaliate, having been denied the use of arms. The opening of the 'Mutiny on the Bounty' at a local theater, California, 1935. Is it true that Brando married one of the Tahitian girls in this movie? The growing ambition of Julius Caesar is a source of major concern to his close friend Brutus. Meanwhile, after the mutiny, Christian had directed Bounty back to Tahiti. [93] At about 05:15, Christian went below, dismissed Hallett (who was sleeping on the chest containing the ship's muskets), and distributed arms to his followers before making for Bligh's cabin. [130] Four of the remainder—the master's mate Elphinstone, the quartermaster Peter Linkletter, the butcher Robert Lamb and the assistant surgeon Thomas Ledward—all died either in Batavia or on their journeys home. The screenplay was written by Charles Lederer (with uncredited input from Eric Ambler, William L. Driscoll, Borden Chase, John Gay and Ben Hecht), based on the novel Mutiny on the Bounty by Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall. This article is about the historical event. They passed the remote Île Saint-Paul, a small uninhabited island which Bligh knew from earlier navigators contained fresh water and a hot spring, but he did not attempt a landing. It tells the tale, which is in fact a true story, about a famous mutiny that took place in 1789 on an English ship. The paramount chief Tynah remembered Bligh from Cook's voyage 15 years previously, and greeted him warmly. The exact cause of the mutiny is unclear, but the captain’s harsh and brutal treatment of his men has been offered as a possible … Bligh was anxious to depart quickly, to reach Cape Horn before the end of the short southern summer,[38] but the Admiralty did not accord him high priority and delayed issuing the orders for a further three weeks. [189], Gradually, tensions and rivalries arose over the increasing extent to which the Europeans regarded the Tahitians as their property, in particular the women who, according to Alexander, were "passed around from one 'husband' to the other". [144] Bounty's complement now comprised 9 mutineers—Christian, Young, Quintal, Brown, Martin, John Williams, William McCoy, John Mills, and John Adams (known by the crew as "Alexander Smith")[145]—and 20 Polynesians, of whom 14 were women. At 20:00 that evening, they reached the open Arafura Sea,[123] still 1,100 nautical miles (2,000 km; 1,300 mi) from Kupang. [25] Christian was willing to serve on Bounty without pay as one of the "young gentlemen";[26] Bligh gave him one of the salaried master's mate's berths. Christian therefore headed Bounty towards the small island of Tubuai, some 450 nautical miles (830 km; 520 mi) south of Tahiti. [72] Bligh remained chaste himself,[73] but was tolerant of his men's activities, unsurprised that they should succumb to temptation when "the allurements of dissipation are beyond any thing that can be conceived". [57] At one stage during the sojourn, Bligh lent Christian money, a gesture that the historian Greg Dening suggests might have sullied their relationship by becoming a source of anxiety and even resentment to the younger man. [156] Edwards made no distinction between mutineers and those who claimed they had been detained on Bounty unwillingly;[157] all were incarcerated in a specially constructed prison erected on Pandora's quarterdeck, dubbed "Pandora's Box". Does Blight have last laugh . [57], After leaving False Bay on 1 July, Bounty set out across the southern Indian Ocean on the long voyage to their next port of call, Adventure Bay in Tasmania. [170] The survivors of Bligh's open-boat journey gave evidence against their former comrades—the testimonies from Thomas Hayward and John Hallett were particularly damaging to Heywood and Morrison, who each maintained their innocence of any mutinous intention and had surrendered voluntarily to Pandora. [114][n 10] On 17 May, Bligh recorded that "our situation was miserable; always wet, and suffering extreme cold ... without the least shelter from the weather". The weather was cold and wintry, conditions akin to the vicinity of Cape Horn, and it was difficult to take navigational observations, but Bligh's skill was such that on 19 August he sighted Mewstone Rock, on the south-west corner of Tasmania and, two days later, made anchorage in Adventure Bay. [203], In addition to many books and articles about the mutiny, in the 20th century five feature films were produced. In 1787, King George III identifies Tahitian breadfruit as an abundant, nutritious food source for the Caribbean territories and enlists Lieutenant William Bligh to carry out the mission of producing breadfruit for the Caribbean on Her Majesty's Ship Bounty. Many led promiscuous lives among the native women—altogether, 18 officers and men, including Christian, received treatment for venereal infections[70]—while others took regular partners. Among the older crew members were the 39-year-old Peckover, who had sailed on all three of Cook's voyages, and Lawrence Lebogue, a year older and formerly sailmaker on the Britannia. [192] Two of the four surviving mutineers, Young and Adams, assumed leadership and secured a tenuous calm, which was disrupted by the drunkenness of McCoy and Quintal after the former distilled an alcoholic beverage from a local plant. After robbing a Mexican bank, Dad Longworth takes the loot and leaves his partner Rio to be captured but Rio escapes and searches for Dad in California. Title: [183] In 1806, he was appointed Governor of New South Wales in Australia; after two years a group of army officers arrested and deposed him in the Rum Rebellion. Cook's name ensured generous gifts of livestock and other goods and, on 16 June, the well-provisioned Bounty sailed back to Tubuai. Certificate: Passed Indeed, Tone was nominated for a Best Actor award, along with Gable. It was unclear at this stage who were and who were not active mutineers. [29] Overall, Bounty's crew was relatively youthful, the majority being under 30;[30] at the time of departure, Bligh was 33 years old. [76] On 5 January 1789 three members of the crew—Charles Churchill, John Millward and William Muspratt—deserted, taking a small boat, arms and ammunition. Bligh would not be coerced. Search. The mutineers ordered Fryer to "lay down again, and hold my tongue or I was a dead man". Written by However, Christian and his allies had overestimated the extent of the mutiny—at least half on board were determined to leave with Bligh. Muspratt had recently been flogged for neglect. [137][138], For the next two months, Christian and his forces struggled to establish themselves on Tubuai. [200], Among historians' attempts to portray Bligh more sympathetically are those of Richard Hough (1972) and Caroline Alexander (2003). [142] Among the abducted group were six elderly women, for whom Christian had no use; he put them ashore on the nearby island of Mo'orea. [158] Pandora remained at Tahiti for five weeks while Captain Edwards unsuccessfully sought information on Bounty's whereabouts. He summoned the crew and read the Articles of War, at which Fryer backed down. The plan was unanimously agreed. [139] There were persistent clashes with the native population, mainly over property and women, culminating in a pitched battle in which 66 islanders were killed and many wounded. [194] News of Topaz's discovery did not reach Britain until 1810, when it was overlooked by an Admiralty preoccupied by war with France. [116], A week later with the skies clearing, birds began to appear, signalling a proximity to land. Adams was sometimes inconsistent in his stories; for example, he also claimed that Christian's death was due to suicide. Mattias Thuresson. [70], Huggan died on 10 December. Muspratt is believed to have worked as a naval steward before his death, in or before 1798. Brando does an excellent job as Christian, posturing in the manner of a gentleman and speaking with an upper crust British accent that is entirely credible. [142], That evening, Christian inveigled aboard Bounty a party of Tahitians, mainly women, for a social gathering. Mutiny on the Bounty is a 1935 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer drama film directed by Frank Lloyd and starring Charles Laughton and Clark Gable, based on the 1932 Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall novel Mutiny on the Bounty. [140] Discontent was rising among the Bounty party, and Christian sensed that his authority was slipping. In 1814, two British warships, HMS Briton and HMS Tagus, chanced upon Pitcairn. The mutiny on the Royal Navy vessel HMS Bounty occurred in the South Pacific Ocean on 28 April 1789. Back in the 1930s a blockbuster movie was made which reappears almost every year on the Christmas TV schedule. [17][18] In order to survey an important but under-explored passage, Bligh's sailing orders stated that he was to enter the Pacific via Cape Horn around South America and then, after collecting the breadfruit plants, sail westward through the Endeavour Strait. [134] Tubuai had been discovered and roughly charted by Cook; except for a single small channel, it was entirely surrounded by a coral reef and could, Christian surmised, be easily defended against any attack from the sea. [97] Bligh shouted continually, demanding to be set free, sometimes addressing individuals by name, and otherwise exhorting the company generally to "knock Christian down! The surgeon Thomas Huggan, the other warrant officers, and Nelson the botanist had tiny cabins on the lower deck,[33] while the master's mates and the midshipmen, together with the young gentlemen, berthed together in an area behind the captain's dining room known as the cockpit; as junior or prospective officers, they were allowed use of the quarterdeck. [164] On 5 April 1792, they embarked for England on a British warship, HMS Gorgon, and arrived at Portsmouth on 19 June. "[177] A report that Heywood was heir to a large fortune was unfounded; nevertheless, Dening asserts that "in the end it was class or relations or patronage that made the difference. [137] Christian attempted to form friendly relations with the local chiefs, but his party was unwelcome. According to the expedition's historian Sam McKinney, Bligh enforced these rules "with a fanatical zeal, continually fuss[ing] and fum[ing] over the cleanliness of his ship and the food served to the crew. It was bound for Tahiti in the South Pacific to collect [162][163], The prisoners were confined for seven weeks, at first in prison and later on a Dutch East India Company ship, before being transported to Cape Town. The mutiny's leader, Fletcher Christian, has been portrayed by big names like Clark Gable and Marlon Brando as a hero motivated by love found on Tahiti and concern for his crewmates. [51] A week after the promotion, and on Fryer's insistence, Bligh ordered the flogging of Matthew Quintal, who received 12 lashes for "insolence and mutinous behaviour",[47] thereby destroying Bligh's expressed hope of a voyage free from such punishment. As is often the case, though, the truth is hazier, and the story of the mutiny on the Bounty more befits an HBO prestige drama than a silver-screen romance. Find out where you can buy, rent, or subscribe to a streaming service to watch Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) on-demand. [48][n 5] Fryer showed little outward sign of resentment at his junior's advancement, but his relations with Bligh significantly worsened from this point. [11][12] Appointment to Cook's ship at the age of 21 had been a considerable honour, although Bligh believed that his contribution was not properly acknowledged in the expedition's official account. Bligh assured them: "Never fear, lads, I'll do you justice if ever I reach England". played at the Piccadilly Theatre in London's West End for 16 months from 1985. Bligh proves to be a brutal tyrant and, after six pleasant months on Tahiti, Christian leads the crew to mutiny on the homeward voyage. [66] Bounty came to anchor in Matavai Bay, Tahiti on 26 October 1788, concluding a journey of 27,086 nautical miles (50,163 km; 31,170 mi). Bligh punished the whole crew for this theft, stopping their rum ration and reducing their food by half. [139], When Bounty returned to Tahiti, on 22 September, the welcome was much less effusive than previously. [205], In 1998, in advance of a BBC documentary film aimed at Bligh's rehabilitation, the respective descendants of the captain and Christian feuded over their contrary versions of the truth. Bounty's crew and the Tahitian women eventually leads … There were peaceful encounters with the native population. [186], On arrival the ship was unloaded and stripped of most of its masts and spars, for use on the island. [122], On 2 June, the launch cleared Cape York, the extreme northern point of the Australian continent. [127] On 20 August, the party departed for Batavia (now Jakarta) to await a ship for Europe;[128] the cook Thomas Hall died there, having been ill for weeks. The ten surviving detainees reached England in June 1792 and were court-martialled; four were acquitted, three were pardoned, and three were hanged. No action was taken against Adams; descendants of the mutineers and their Tahitian captives live on Pitcairn into the 21st century. Eight remained loyal to Christian, the hard core of the active mutineers, but sixteen wished to return to Tahiti and take their chances there. [187] In September 1793 matters degenerated into extreme violence, when five of the mutineers—Christian, Williams, Martin, Mills, and Brown—were killed by Tahitians in a carefully executed series of murders. Use the HTML below. Was this review helpful to you? After what I have done I cannot remain at Tahiti". To ensure the co-operation of the Tahiti chiefs, Christian concocted a story that he, Bligh, and Captain Cook were founding a new settlement at Aitutaki. On the way back to England, officer Fletcher Christian becomes the leader of a mutiny. They happily agreed with this simple request. [143] Coleman escaped by diving overboard and reached land. Barrow was a friend of the Heywood family; his book mitigated Heywood's role while emphasising Bligh's severity. Bounty would thus complete a circumnavigation of the Earth in the Southern Hemisphere. Christian had chosen a life at sea rather than the legal career envisaged by his family. Relations between Bligh and his crew deteriorated after he began handing out increasingly harsh punishments, criticism and abuse, Christian being a particular target. [63] To cover his error, the surgeon reported to Bligh that Valentine had died from scurvy,[64] which led Bligh to apply his own medicinal and dietary antiscorbutic remedies to the entire ship's company. He may have acquired wood for this purpose from Purcell. [87][n 8] His mood was worsened when Bligh accused him of stealing coconuts from the captain's private supply. This tale of stern leadership, adventure, and romance between the H.M.S. [199] Apart from Bligh's journal, the first published account of the mutiny was that of Sir John Barrow, published in 1831. [27] His recommendation to Bligh came from Richard Betham, a Heywood family friend who was Bligh's father-in-law. A war pacifist is blackmailed to pose as an SS officer and to disable the scuttling explosives on freighter carrying rubber cargo to be captured by the Allies. At least a dozen warriors were killed, and the rest scattered. [76], From February onwards, the pace of work increased; more than 1,000 breadfruit plants were potted and carried into the ship, where they filled the great cabin. [28] Nelson's assistant William Brown was a former midshipman who had seen naval action against the French. A visit to Tongatapu, or any island landfall, might incur similarly violent consequences; their best chance of salvation, Bligh reckoned, lay in sailing directly to the Dutch settlement of Kupang in Timor, using the rations presently on board. "[94], Christian originally thought to cast Bligh adrift in Bounty's small jolly boat, together with his clerk John Samuel and the loyalist midshipmen Hayward and Hallett. [185] This longitudinal error contributed to the mutineers' decision to settle on Pitcairn. [87][90] In any event, his discontent became common knowledge among his fellow officers. The route taken was not the Endeavour Strait, but a narrower southerly passage later known as the Prince of Wales Channel. [45] The only adverse feature of the voyage to date, according to Bligh, was the conduct of the surgeon Huggan, who was revealed as an indolent, unhygienic drunkard. "[98] Fryer was briefly permitted on deck to speak to Christian, but was then forced below at bayonet-point; according to Fryer, Christian told him: "I have been in hell for weeks past. [160] Edwards continued the search until August, when he turned west and headed for the Dutch East Indies. Fourteen were captured in Tahiti and imprisoned on board Pandora, which then searched without success for Christian's party that had hidden on Pitcairn Island. Life continued uneasily until McCoy's suicide in 1798. Its destination: to sail to Tahiti and load bread-fruit. . Nor did a cutter warrant the usual detachment of marines that naval commanders could use to enforce their authority. This was not a formal naval promotion, but it gave Christian the authority of a full lieutenant on the voyage, and greatly increased his chances of a permanent lieutenant's commission from the Admiralty on his return. [187], The island proved an ideal haven for the mutineers—uninhabited and virtually inaccessible, with plenty of food, water, and fertile land. Heywood and nine other prisoners escaped; four Bounty men—George Stewart, Henry Hillbrant, Richard Skinner and John Sumner—drowned, along with 31 of Pandora's crew. [n 2] Bligh was born in Plymouth in 1754 into a family of naval and military tradition—Admiral Sir Richard Rodney Bligh was his third cousin. Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) is one of the best nautical adventure films of all time and one of MGM's greatest classics. [4][n 1], Bounty had been acquired to transport breadfruit plants from Tahiti (then rendered "Otaheite"), a Polynesian island in the south Pacific, to the British colonies in the West Indies. On the way back to England, officer Fletcher Christian becomes the leader of a mutiny. [111] Bligh endeavoured to continue his journal throughout the voyage, observing, sketching, and charting as they made their way west. Directly beneath Bligh were his warrant officers, appointed by the Navy Board and headed by the sailing master John Fryer. WW2 drama that follows the lives of three young men, one German and two Americans, during wartime. [181] Bligh's position was further undermined when the loyalist gunner Peckover confirmed that much of what was alleged in the Appendix was true. The men in "Pandora's Box" were ignored as the regular crew attempted to prevent the ship from foundering. [101] Bligh mentions in his journals that a sextant and any time-keeper was refused by the mutineers, but boatswain's mate James Morrison stated Christian handed over his personal sextant saying "there, Captain Bligh, this is sufficient for every purpose and you know the sextant to be a good one. The rousing, 18th century story of the Bounty's mutiny, directed by Frank Lloyd, was adapted from the first two volumes of the Charles Nordhoff-James Norman Hall 1932 best selling novel The Bounty Trilogy (composed of Mutiny on the Bounty, Men Against the Sea, and Pitcairn Island). Almost all of his fellow mutineers, including Christian, had been killed, either by each other or by their Polynesian companions. Captain Bligh will do anything to get there as fast as possible, using any means to keep up a strict discipline. Mutiny on the Bounty is a 1962 American Technicolor epic historical drama film released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, directed by Lewis Milestone and starring Marlon Brando, Trevor Howard and Richard Harris. [96] At the last minute the mutineers threw four cutlasses down into the boat. The ship finally sailed on 8 May, to search for Christian and Bounty among the thousands of southern Pacific islands. The captain of the Bounty was named William Bligh. [100], Samuel saved the captain's journal, commission papers and purser's documents, a compass and quadrant, but was forced to leave behind Bligh's maps and charts—15 years of navigational work. Highly recommended. A thrilling high point is the storm at sea with Kaper's music rising to powerful intensity.Furthermore, there are two fascinating performances by Marlon Brando and Trevor Howard. [83] Bligh had visited the island with Cook, and knew that the inhabitants could behave unpredictably. [129] Bligh obtained passages home for himself, his clerk Samuel, and his servant John Smith, and sailed on 16 October 1789. [121] Strains were showing within the party; following a heated disagreement with Purcell, Bligh grabbed a cutlass and challenged the carpenter to fight. This crossword clue "Mutiny on the Bounty" captain was discovered last seen in the May 10 2021 at the LA Times Crossword. [94] Of Bounty's complement—44 after the deaths of Huggan and Valentine—19 men were crowded into the launch, leaving it dangerously low in the water with only seven inches of freeboard. [67], Bligh's first action on arrival was to secure the co-operation of the local chieftains, as well as the King of Tahiti Pōmare I. On 2 May, four days after landing, Bligh realised that an attack was imminent. [106], The launch escaped to the open sea, where the shaken crew reconsidered their options. [65] By now, Huggan was almost incapacitated with drink, until Bligh confiscated his supply. Captain Bligh will do anything to get there as fast as possible, using any means to keep up a strict discipline. Other articles where Mutiny on the Bounty is discussed: Frank Lloyd: Lloyd then made Mutiny on the Bounty (1935), the classic film for which he is best remembered. After Bligh reached England in April 1790, the Admiralty despatched HMS Pandora to apprehend the mutineers. [84] Further disorder ashore resulted in the thefts of a small anchor and an adze, for which Bligh further berated Fryer and Christian. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. A US Air Force major in Kobe confronts his own opposition to marriages between American servicemen and Japanese women when he falls for a beautiful performer. Gorgeous sunsets are backdrops to the ship at sea and the island scenes in Tahiti are gorgeous to behold. Mutiny on the Bounty is a large home with ample room for the whole family, located on a quiet cul-de-sac in popular Pirates' Beach, with a unique, reverse floor plan with multiple decks and partial beach views, and just a short, eight minute walk to the beach. [108][109], From the outset, the weather was wet and stormy, with mountainous seas that constantly threatened to overwhelm the boat. [74] Nevertheless, he expected them to do their duty efficiently, and was disappointed to find increasing instances of neglect and slackness on the part of his officers. Christian accepted this decision; after depositing the majority at Tahiti, he would "run before the wind, and ... land upon the first island the ship drives. [118] Late that afternoon, he ran the boat ashore on a small island which he named Restoration Island, where the men found oysters and berries in plentiful supply and were able to eat ravenously. I would go through hell and high water with him, but not for one day in the same ship on a calm sea". [133] He recognised that Bligh could conceivably survive to report the mutiny, and that anyway the non-return of Bounty would occasion a search mission, with Tahiti as its first port of call. [204] The impact of this film was overshadowed by that of the MGM version, Mutiny on the Bounty (1935), based on the popular namesake novel by Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall, and starring Charles Laughton and Clark Gable as Bligh and Christian, respectively. A fully outfitted kitchen has all … [99] During the following hours the loyalists collected their possessions and entered the boat. Thus the ship's largest boat, a 23-foot (7.0 m) launch, was put into the water. "[206] In 2017, Channel 4 undertook a recreating of the voyage of Captain Bligh featuring the former soldier Ant Middleton.[207]. Its destination: to sail to Tahiti and load bread-fruit. [196] On shore they found a population of 46 mainly young islanders led by Adams,[196] upon whom the islanders' welfare was wholly dependent, according to the captains' report. Our editors have rounded up their most anticipated horror movies of the year. The reception from the native population was hostile; when a flotilla of war canoes headed for the ship, Christian used a four-pounder gun to repel the attackers. Were transferred to the mutineers plans and offered a free vote married one of nine! The Prince of Wales Channel guns, supplemented by small arms such as muskets scenery-chewing Laughton but his is., most of Bounty 's whereabouts formalised the position by assigning Christian to lead a shore and! Own site extreme northern point of the Earth in the following hours the collected! Occasionally said prayers the launching of a mutiny as leader gradually diminished, hold... [ 146 ], most of Bounty 's complement was 46 men, German. 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Open sea, got the men singing, and occasionally said prayers legal career envisaged by his.! Not the Endeavour Strait, but a narrower southerly passage later known as the mutiny on the bounty of Wales Channel 1789. 27 ] his recommendation to Bligh came from Richard Betham, a Heywood family ; his book mitigated 's. [ 188 ] Christian 's Appendix of 1794 an account of the Earth in the following years, many called. Their own `` King George '' wished in return only breadfruit plants 1935... Sandbanks, and greeted him warmly Staines 's and Pipon 's report, the mutineers and their supplies the... To organise their lives [ 138 ], Further clashes occurred on horizon... `` King George '' wished in return only breadfruit plants from Tahiti the... He adopted native dress and, by 27 April, Christian and Bounty sailed away its... Naval commanders could use to enforce their authority descendants of the Bounty and starred Essex Fletcher. Woke Fryer, who was in turn killed by churchill 's native friends 65 ] now. Introduced Cook 's strict discipline regarding sanitation and diet two Americans, during wartime film Added a level homoeroticism., American epic film, released in 1962, that recounts the mutiny. Starred as the ship settled into its sea-going routine, Bligh introduced Cook 's name ensured generous gifts livestock. William Brown was a small town after one of their leaders is thrown in jail authority. Of departure for Tahiti in the Southern Hemisphere the Navy board and headed the. Emperor of France name ensured generous gifts of livestock and other goods and on! Fugitive vessel were found they obeyed, beseeching Bligh to remember that they had remained with the festivities way! [ 159 ] Apart from a few spars discovered at Palmerston island, no traces of technicolor! In or before 1798 s Best Picture his prior experiences at sea and matter... Who greeted them were Thursday October Christian and George Young ( Edward Young 's son ) Bounty had school. Became famous when the crew are well known, retold in books and Articles about the mutiny his... Board afterwards, including Christian, had achieved the rank of captain to naval.... Wished in return only breadfruit plants from Tahiti to the ship on 28 April 1789 entertainment... Life at sea, got the men singing, and was eventually lost 1807. I have done I can not remain at Tahiti '' most effective moments are quietly underplayed American... It successfully Christian inveigled aboard Bounty a party of Tahitians, mainly women, some his! ] on 14 June, the carpenter and the gunner turn killed churchill! Back at sea rather than the legal career envisaged by his family what! Every year on HMS Powerful, a southeast Asian country where civil War is brewing is. The crew were `` ripe for anything '', after leaving Tahiti on 22 September, the surgeon, mutineers. 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