wake island population

A week later, on October 18, PAA President Juan Trippe and a group of VIP passengers arrived at Wake on the Philippine Clipper (NC14715). [119], The civil administration authority at Wake Island has been delegated by the Secretary of the Air Force to the General Counsel of the Air Force under U.S. federal law known as the Wake Island Code. On June 12, North Haven departed for Guam, leaving behind various PAA technicians and a construction crew. Updated as of 2020. After visiting Tuvalu and the Solomon Islands, the expedition headed north and came upon Wake Island, "a low barren island, judged to be eight leagues in circumference". On December 11, 1941, Wake Island was the site of the Japanese Empire's first unsuccessful amphibious attack on U.S. territory in World War II when U.S. Marines, with some U.S. Navy personnel and civilians on the island, repelled an attempted Japanese invasion. In 2016, 73.3% of the population were defined as being "urban". [72] The garrison, having previously received news that Imperial Japan's defeat was imminent, exhumed the mass grave. Now under U.S Army control, the island, which is located 690 miles (1,110 kilometers) north of Kwajalein Atoll, became a rocket launch site for the Kwajalein Missile Range known as the Wake Island Launch Center. The island is unintegrated and set apart from other islands in the Pacific by a distance of [80], From 1958 through 1960 the United States installed the Missile Impact Location System (MILS) in the Navy managed Pacific Missile Range, later the Air Force managed Western Range, to localize the splash downs of test missile nose cones. Stoner was driven onto the reef at Wake Island by a strong southwesterly wind after the ship failed to moor to the two buoys near the harbor entrance. [10] A U.S. Air Force assessment and repair team returned to the island in September 2006 and restored limited function to the airfield and facilities leading ultimately to a full return to normal operations. The island includes numerous houses and dorm buildings, churches, a fire station, a dining facility, a … Picking stated that "If the long heralded trans-Pacific flight ever takes place, Wake Island should certainly be occupied and used as an intermediate resting and fueling port. Management of the emergent lands at Wake Island by the U.S. Wake Island's paved roadway network has been adequately maintained to move materials, services, and personnel from the airfield on the southern end to the personnel support area on the northern end. As a National Historic Landmark, Wake Island was also included in the National Register of Historic Places. By September, 120 military aircraft were landing at Wake per day. Picking suggested clearing the channel to the lagoon for "loaded motor sailing launches" so that parties on shore could receive supplies from passing ships and he strongly recommended that Wake be used as a base for aircraft. This was the first recorded typhoon to hit the island since observations began in 1935. A portion of the road, near the unfinished WWII submarine channel, is flooded nearly every year by high seas. Approximately 150 military personnel and civilian contractors live on the island to maintain and operate the airfield and facilities, serving as the island’s only population. [58] Cunningham ordered that coded messages be sent during operations, and a junior officer had added "send us" and "more Japs" to the beginning and end of a message to confuse Japanese code breakers. On October 16, a 30 feet (10 m) Castor-Orbus rocket was destroyed by ground controllers seven minutes after its launch from Wake. Modes of transportation include walking, bicycles, light utility carts, automobiles, vans and larger trucks and equipment. In the chaos of the evacuation, the captain secured a chart and nautical instruments, but no compass. [21][22], On July 29, 1870, the British tea clipper Dashing Wave, under the command of Captain Henry Vandervord, sailed out of Foochoo, China, en route to Sydney. Lt. Cmdr. Wetmore named the southwest island for Charles Wilkes, who had led the original pioneering United States Exploring Expedition to Wake in 1841. On April 8, 1866, after 13 days of frequent squalls, short rations and tropical sun, the longboat reached Guam. Gregory J.W. Bush. note:approximately 100 military personnel and civilian contractors maintain and operate the airfield and communications facilities. Wake is located two-thirds of the way from Honolulu to Guam. The population consists (as of the latest record from January 2001) of only one US … The second launch, on February 11, reached apogee at 1.2 miles (1.9 kilometers) and was deemed a failure. Author James A. Michener and Lars Lindbergh, grandson of aviator Charles Lindbergh, were among the dignitaries on board the aircraft. [76], With the end of hostilities with Japan and the increase in international air travel driven in part by wartime advances in aeronautics, Wake Island became a critical mid-Pacific base for the servicing and refueling of military and commercial aircraft. [16], In 1823, Captain Edward Gardner, while in command of the Royal Navy's whaling ship HMS Bellona, visited an island at 19°15′00″N 166°32′00″E / 19.25000°N 166.53333°E / 19.25000; 166.53333, which he judged to be 20–25 miles (32–40 kilometers) long. In an attempt to disguise the Navy's military intentions, Rear Admiral Harry E. Yarnell then designated Wake Island as a bird sanctuary. Next, he went to the New York Public Library to study 19th-century clipper ship logs and charts and he "discovered" a little-known coral atoll named Wake Island. After three days of searching and digging on the island for water, the crew was able to recover a 200 US gallons (760 l) water tank from the wrecked ship. With no water, each man was allotted a glass of wine per day until a heavy rain shower came on the sixth day. Population: uninhabited; transient Haitian fishermen and others camp on the island Definition: This entry gives an estimate from the US Bureau of the Census based on statistics from population censuses, vital statistics registration systems, or sample surveys pertaining to the recent past and on assumptions about future trends. Wake Island population. [86], On September 16, Super Typhoon Sarah made landfall on Wake Island at peak intensity with winds up to 145-knots, causing widespread damage. Due to the substantial increase in the number of commercial flights, on July 1, 1947, the Navy transferred administration, operations and maintenance of the facilities at Wake to the Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA). UM-2-A, December 2007, Washington, DC, pg. [118], On June 24, 1972, the United States Air Force assumed responsibility for the civil administration of Wake Island pursuant to an agreement between the Department of the Interior and the Department of the Air Force. - Check out Tripadvisor members' 79 candid photos and videos of Wake Island Cancel. [53], The garrison – supplemented by civilian construction workers employed by Morrison-Knudsen Corp. – repelled several Japanese landing attempts. [63], The island's Japanese garrison was composed of the IJN 65th Guard Unit (2,000 men), Japan Navy Captain Shigematsu Sakaibara and the IJA units which became 13th Independent Mixed Regiment (1,939 men) under command of Col. Shigeji Chikamori. We already had more Japs than we could handle. Facts and statistics about the Population of Wake Island. "[26], On June 23, 1902, USAT Buford, commanded by Captain Alfred Croskey and bound for Manila, spotted a ship's boat on the beach as it passed closely by Wake Island. Overnight the vessel began to break up and at 10:00 a.m. the crew succeeded in launching the longboat over the leeward side. The name is sometimes attributed to Captain William Wake, who also is reported to have discovered the atoll from the Prince William Henry in 1792.[2]. The garrison’s stand inspired Hollywood’s first combat film of the war, Wake Island, which was released in the late summer of 1942. To offload the ship, cargo was lightered (barged) from ship to shore, carried across Wilkes and then transferred to another barge and towed across the lagoon to Peale Island. This unincorporated US territory is a strategically important island atoll in the Western Pacific Ocean that was claimed by the United States on January 17th, 1899. To cross the Pacific Ocean his planes would need to island-hop, stopping at various points for refueling and maintenance. 11, Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument, International Organization for Standardization, U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific, U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, U.S. National Register of Historic Places, Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site, U.S. Army Space and Strategic Defense Command, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Pacific Air Forces Regional Support Center, "Notes on the geography and natural history of Wake Island", United States National Academy of Sciences, https://www.stripes.com/news/military-airfield-at-wake-island-still-usable-after-super-typhoon-ioke-1.54162, "Rainfall/ Precipitation in Wake Island, Usa", "1967 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone season", "NOAA The 1967 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season", "Monster' Typhoon Ioke Makes Direct Hit on Wake Island", "Reynold's Report to the House of Representatives", "GAO/OGC-98-5 – U.S. Insular Areas: Application of the U.S. Constitution", https://www.panam.org/pan-am-stories/775-chronicling-wake-island, "What's New in World of Airplanes and Air Transportation, Toil on Desolate Isles to Make Pacific Airway Path", https://flyingcloudschinaclippers.blogspot.com/2016/06/pacific-steppingstones-wake.html, https://www.panam.org/war-years/654-war-boat, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2002-title32-vol5/html/CFR-2002-title32-vol5-part761.htm, "Chronology of the Dutch East Indies, December 1941", https://mk-foundation.org/wake-island-remembered-december-8th/, "ADM. WINFIELD CUNNINGHAM; COMMANDED AT WAKE ISLAND", A MAGNIFICENT FIGHT: Marines in the Battle for Wake Island, https://www.usmcu.edu/Portals/218/Heinl_The%20Defense%20of%20Wake.pdf?ver=2019-02-12-085233-467, https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japanese-execute-nearly-100-american-prisoners-on-wake-island#:~:text=On%20October%207%2C%201943%2C%20Rear,radio%20contact%20with%20U.S.%20forces, "Japanese garrisons on the by-passed Pacific Islands 1944–1945", "Dirk H.R. Following World War I, the Council of the League of Nations had granted the South Seas Mandate ("Nanyo") to Japan (which had joined the Allied Powers in the First World War) which included the already Japanese-held Micronesia islands north of the equator that were part of the former colony of German New Guinea of the German Empire; these include the modern nation/states of Palau, Federated States of Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands and Marshall Islands. Although Wake is officially called an island in the singular form, it is actually an atoll composed of three islets and a reef surrounding a central lagoon:[3], Wake Island lies in the tropical zone, but is subject to periodic temperate storms during the winter. [31], In his 1921 book Sea-Power in the Pacific: A Study of the American-Japanese Naval Problem, Hector C. Bywater recommended establishing a well-defended fueling station at Wake Island to provide coal and oil for United States Navy ships engaged in future operations against Japan. In 1567, Mendaña and his crew had set off on two ships, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos, from Callao, Peru, on an expedition to search for a gold-rich land in the South Pacific as mentioned in Inca tradition. The hotel consisted of two wings built out from a central lobby with each room having a bathroom with a hot-water shower. The 2000 census counted 315 people on Johnston Atoll and 1 person on Wake Island. "Total Loss of Barque Dashing Wave, and Rescue of the Crew". The Japanese navy sacrificed two destroyers, two converted destroyers, one submarine, and some 1,000 lives to capture Wake Island, whereas just over 100 Americans and Guamanians were killed in the atoll’s defense. However, as of 2017, there are approximately 100 Air Force personnel and American and Thai contractor residents at any given time. Two F/A-18F Super Hornets, an F/A-18E Super Hornet, and an EA-18G Growler fly in formation over Wake Island during a US Navy Heritage for the crew, October 26, 2017. On July 1, 1973, all FAA activities ended and the U.S. Air Force under Pacific Air Forces (PACAF), Detachment 4, 15th Air Base Wing assumed control of Wake Island. After being impacted by mission scheduling delays caused by the explosion of the Space Shuttle Challenger, the program was canceled in late September 1990 to protect funding for another U.S. Army space-based missile defense program known as Brilliant Pebbles. Source: CIA World Factbook - This page was last updated on Friday, November 27, 2020, Population, total - thematic map - World Bank indicator, Population, total - country comparison - World Bank indicator. The program involved using electro-optical and laser systems, mounted on the Starlab platform in the payload bay of an orbiting Space Shuttle, to acquire, track and target Starbird missiles launched from Cape Canaveral and Wake. Unable to land a boat, the crew executed a challenging three-day rescue operation using rope and cable to bring on board the 20 survivors and transport them to Yokohama. [49], Just earlier, in January 1941, the United States Navy began construction of a military base on the atoll. When the airlift ended on August 2, a total of about 15,000 refugees had been processed through Wake Island as part of Operation New Life. The island is an unorganized, unincorporated territory belonging to, but not a part of, the United States that is also claimed by the Republic of the Marshall Islands. In 1949, the CAA upgraded the runway by paving over the coral surface and extending its length to 7,000 feet. The expedition's naturalist, Titian Peale, noted that "the only remarkable part in the formation of this island is the enormous blocks of coral which have been thrown up by the violence of the sea." – a reply that became famous. Wake Island, atoll with three islets (Wake, Wilkes, and Peale), 3 sq mi (7.8 sq km), central Pacific, between Hawaii and Guam. Wake Island Airfield ( IATA: AWK, ICAO: PWAK) is a military air base located on Wake Island, which is known for the Battle of Wake Island during World War II. Definition: This entry gives an estimate from the US Bureau of the Census based on statistics from population censuses, vital statistics registration systems, or sample surveys pertaining to the recent past and on assumptions about future trends. At the peak of the mission, 8,700 Vietnamese refugees were on Wake. In 1989, the U.S. Army Strategic Defense Command (USASDC) constructed two launch pads on Peacock Point, as well as nearby support facilities, for the eight-ton, 60 feet (20 m), multi-stage Starbird test missiles. There has been no indigenous population, except at the 1940 census. These countries are currently: The Bahamas, Benin, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The first launch, on January 28, 1993, reached apogee at 240 miles (390 kilometers) and was a success. The 9,850-foot-long (3,000-meter) runway on Wake is also available to provide services for military and commercial in-flight emergencies. The Japanese revealed that one of their parties needed medical attention and the captain determined from their descriptions of the symptoms that the illness was most likely beriberi. Population: no indigenous inhabitants(2018 est.) 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